Cancer and COVID-19 research studies with team science: a bibliometric study.

Team science refers to research initiatives considered in collaboration with scientists from different disciplines or fields. This paper presents a bibliometric analysis for visualization of global research activity concerning the combination of cancer and the COVID-19 pandemic using a team science approach. A bibliometric study was implemented using Web of Science from 2019 to 2021. We analyzed citations to identify description and citations analysis of results, most prolific countries, international research collaboration, most prolific institutions, research areas, most cited papers, and most productive journals. The preliminary data of 2,313 studies that adopted a team science approach were recorded and analyzed. Team science is becoming progressively popular in cancer research. The United States was the most active country, followed by Italy and China. The United States, the United Kingdom, and Italy had the highest level of cooperation with other countries. The most prolific institution was Harvard University, followed by University of London and the University of Texas System. Head and Neck Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck, Frontiers in Oncology, and eCancerMedicalScience were the most productive journals. Governments, organizations, policymakers, and researchers should pay attention to team science approach at times of disasters such as cancer and COVID-19 to achieve the best strategies for controlling cancer that is currently a world problem.

Managing stormwater in South African neighbourhoods: When engineers and scientists need social science skills to get their jobs done

Stormwater harvesting via managed aquifer recharge in retrofitted infrastructure has been posited as a method for resource augmentation in Cape Town. However, the existing guidelines on stormwater retrofits are technically inclined, occidental, and generally misaligned with the realities and socio-economic contexts of developing nations like South Africa. Water and urban practitioners from developing nations cannot just 'copy and paste' existing guidelines as different socio-economic dimensions and colonial histories typically hinder 'traditional' approaches. This paper assesses how a transdisciplinary team navigated these realities in a case study of a retrofitted pond in Mitchells Plain, Cape Town. A decolonial thinking framework was applied for reflection and thematic content analysis. The framework was used to unpack how the team encountered, addressed, and learned from the challenges during the retrofit process. The research team found that the retrofit process within a context of under-resourced South African communities can be viewed as developmental work with a strong emphasis on continuous community engagement. Thus, it is suggested that in the South African context, water practitioners should consider, at the fore, interaction with local communities, including awareness of racialised histories, to ensure projects are successfully implemented and completed.

Sonjuntivities in Children and Adolescents in the Conditions of Pandemic COVID-19: What Should the First Contact Doctor Know? Questions and Answers.

There are a lot of questions regarding the differentiation and diagnosis of ophthalmic diseases by a doctor of first contact. The article in the form of questions and answers presents a multidisciplinary discussion of a pediatrician and an ophthalmologist in relation to anatomical and physiological approaches to the formation of diagnoses, those conditions that are accompanied by the symptom of "red eye". The authors discuss algorithms for diagnosis, and modern approaches to the treatment of red eye syndrome. Clinical criteria for acute conjunctivitis of various etiology are presented. Considered modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of eye lesions using local antibacterial agents in various forms of releases, different combinations of active substances, including the drugs Floxanext, Tobrotsim-Next-Sombi and Tobrotsim-Next.Copyright © 2021, Professionalnye Izdaniya. All rights reserved.

Sensitivity of the reward system in post-COVID-fatigue

Background: The health consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic are dominating the international healthcare systems. More than 15% of patients with supposedly mild SARS-CoV-II disease develop persisting symptoms (Sudre et al., 2021). In addition to known internal limitations, such as respiratory distress or tachycardia, severe neurological deficits are prominent. For example, fatigue persisting for months, cognitive impairment, and a marked increase in daytime sleepiness, sometimes accompanied by an inability to work, are described (Taquet et al., 2021). Previous research indicates that hospitalized patients suffering from COVID-19 often develop fatigue or muscle weakness (63%), difficulties in sleep (26%) and psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression (23%) (Taquet et al., 2021). This constellation of symptoms can lead to severe limitations in the everyday lives of the people concerned. The pathophysiology of this multifaceted neurological and dysautonomic symptom complex is not yet understood but now becoming the focus of interdisciplinary research in the context of the global pandemic. A similar disease is chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Affected patients suffer from very comparable limitations, especially persistent fatigue. Evidence suggests an alteration of the specific cerebral reward system in CFS, an important modulator of learning processes involved in various homeostatic regulatory processes (Wylie and Flashman, 2017). Objective(s): Based on the similarity of symptoms in CFS and Post-COVID fatigue this study aims to investigate whether a reduced sensitivity of the reward system in the context of postviral fatigue syndrome is present. We hypothesize that the sensitivity of the reward system in patients with Post-COVID syndrome is reduced compared to healthy adults. Method(s): 24 subjects with a diagnosed Post-COVID syndrome and 20 healthy individuals between the age of 18-55 without relevant neurological or psychiatric disorders in the medical record participated in the study. Magnetoencephalography and electroencephalography were used for the characterization of the reward system during the monetary incentive delay task, a classic paradigm used in existing publications (Frank et al., 2004;Opitz et al., 2022). In addition, standardized questionnaires were used to obtain further information about the included individuals' living conditions and the severity of symptoms. Result(s) and Conclusion(s): Results of the study will help to better characterize reward network changes in the context of fatigue symptoms to open up therapeutic options for medication or psychotherapeutic interventions. Data analysis will be completed by the start of the conference.Copyright © 2023

Antiviral Effects of Asian Natural Products Targeting SARS, MERS, and COVID-19

Viral diseases initiated by Coronavirus (CoV) have become the major public health problems worldwide in the last two decades. The recent emergence of the deadly COVID-19 due to SARS-CoV-2 has created unprecedented pandemic situations around the globe making the need for antiviral molecules to treat it. Encountering the health conditions of the patients with synthetic molecules has shown some unpredictable results, including side effects. To face this complex situa-tion, natural products can be good sources of enormous treatment options with fewer side effects. Wide diversity, easy availability, and a good number of scientific researches on Asian origin natural products can be a great tool to meet this critical situation. This paper reviews the currently available Asian natural products with potential antiviral effects on CoV. It includes the potential natural products of whole plant extract, partial plant extract, isolated pure compounds, and isolated pure set of compounds. Besides, the available information of in vitro and in silico from very recent pa-pers are also summarized for the ease of future research. As a rapid search for a potential anti-CoV therapy is undergoing, Asian natural products will provide promising results but still, there are many challenges in front of us, including the robust in vitro assay to confirm the antiviral property, toxicity analysis, and fulfillment of regulatory needs. The use of appropriate natural products with the potential for a safe and more effective anti-CoV property requires multidisciplinary research with preclinical and clinical researchers, which will improve their clinical applications.Copyright © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.

Forging clinical collaborations and cooperation in overcoming challenges for non-COVID-19 patients during COVID-19 times: Surgical case studies requiring a multidisciplinary and inter-agency approach in Malaysia

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought global health services to a standstill. National healthcare systems and medical staffing in many countries have reached crisis levels due to the phenomenal outbreak. Healthcare resources have been strained to meet the unprecedented numbers of patient admissions with a significant amount of funding and manpower being channelled towards tackling this global pandemic. Despite the rollout of vaccinations, the development of new viral strains has now presented a new challenge. With the inevitable conversion of tertiary public hospitals to specialized COVID-19 centres with 'Full Covid Status' and the mobilization of its doctors from all specialities to care for these patients, the non-COVID-19 patients are becoming more neglected. The lack of elective surgeries performed and non-emergent admissions due to the unavailability of beds and personnel to care for this group of patients are concerning. As most of the focus and resources are now aimed at COVID-19 patients, the need to forge collaborations and cooperation between hospitals, agencies and healthcare systems are pertinent to ensure the provision of quality treatment for those suffering from non-COVID-19 diseases. To highlight this effort in Malaysia, we would like to present 2 case studies of non-COVID-19 patients undergoing elective surgeries through intergovernmental ministerial collaborations and a public-private partnership.Copyright © The Author(s) 2022.

COVID-19 pandemic perspectives: A scientific silver lining?

Accounts of the numerous negative effects caused by COVID-19 are pervasive, but few perspectives have identified any positive impacts of this massive societal shift. This forum examines potentially positive changes that have occurred within the scientific community amid the chaotic pandemic. Among these positives are the formation of virtual supergroups and an interdisciplinary brain trust. In forcing scientists away from their lab benches, COVID-19 has created time and space for more conversations about science and experimental design. Being away from the lab in this time of social unrest has also given scientists time to directly address institutional racism and its suppression of diversity in science. Although COVID-19 has been an unforeseen disaster of epic proportions, some of the resulting changes in our scientific community should remain in place after the pandemic is over. By leveraging these small wins, we will undoubtedly return to our laboratories stronger, smarter, and more efficient.

Tourisation Theory and the Pandiscipline of Tourism

It is argued in this letter that tourism studies, as an autonomous field of academic study, can better position itself in the COVID-19 era as a "pandiscipline” which synthesizes concepts and theories from other disciplines to better describe and explain tourism-related phenomena. Universal core tourism structures and processes, in turn, are captured in "tourisation theory,” which describes the increasing embeddedness of tourism in places as manifested in six tentative propositions and associated impulse, amplification, ubiquity, ascendancy, concentration, and endorsement effects. © The Author(s) 2022.

Go-Along-Interviews als Methode für eine sozial-ökologische Stadtnaturforschung

Die Anwendung von Go-Along-Interviews ermöglicht einen integrierten Methodenmix, bei dem qualitative Interviews mit teilnehmender Beobachtung kombiniert werden, um die analytische Verknüpfung von Diskursen und Praktiken zu erleichtern. Ihre besondere Sensitivität für die räumliche Einbettung und Reflexion sozialer Prozesse wurde in diversen Forschungskontexten erprobt und beschrieben. Anhand unserer Forschung zu Stadtnaturbeziehungen bei Lockdown-Spaziergängen wollen wir diese methodologischen Diskurse fortführen und den Mehrwert von Go-Along-Interviews insbesondere für die sozial-ökologische und transdisziplinäre Forschung herausarbeiten. Die Corona-Lockdowns dienten uns dabei als Brennglas, um die in den alltäglichen Spaziergängen habitualisierten Naturinteraktionen aufzuspüren und subjektive Bedeutungen der Stadtnatur erfahrbar und kommunizierbar zu machen. Mittels konkreter Episoden unserer Interviews reflektieren wir methodische Besonderheiten von Go-Along-Interviews wie die Generierung von Erzählungen, die Einbeziehung von materiellen Umwelten und nicht-menschlichen Akteuren, die Erschließung von Erinnerungen und Erfahrungen, das Nachvollziehbarmachen von Bewertungen und die Ermöglichung einer Selbstreflexion. Diesen Potenzialen stellen wir spezifische Herausforderungen der Anwendung von Go-Along-Interviews im Hinblick auf die Zugänglichkeit des Interviewraums, die Dynamik der Interviewsituation sowie das veränderte Verhältnis zwischen Interviewer*in und Interviewpartner*in gegenüber. Unter Berücksichtigung dieser Herausforderungen können Go-Along-Interviews sowohl das sozialwissenschaftliche Methodenspektrum der Stadtnaturforschung als auch naturwissenschaftliche Beschreibungen der Stadtökologie maßgeblich bereichern. Dieser analytische Mehrwert wird ergänzt durch eine besondere Anschlussfähigkeit an transdisziplinäre, partizipative und transformative Forschung.Alternate :The application of go-along interviews allows an integrated mix of methods, combining qualitative interviews with participant observation. This facilitates linking discourses and practices. The method's particular sensitivity to the spatial embeddedness and reflection of social processes has been evaluated and described in various research contexts. In our article, we highlight the added value of go-along interviews for social-ecological and transdisciplinary research. The COVID-19 lockdowns and their effects on everyday practices of urban residents served as a lens to trace interactions with nature that have been habitualized into everyday walks. Discussing specific episodes from our interviews, we reflect on methodological features of go-along interviews, such as generating narratives, considering material environments and non-human actors, opening up memories and experiences, reconstructing evaluations, and enabling self-reflection. We contrast these potentials with specific challenges in the application of go-along interviews, especially with regard to the accessibility of the interview space, the methodical requirements of the dynamic interview situation, and the altered relationship between interviewer and interviewee. Considering these challenges, conducting go-along interviews can significantly enrich both, the scientific descriptions of urban ecology and the methodological spectrum of research on urban nature. Furthermore, go-along interviews provide a conceptual proximity to transdisciplinary, participatory, and transformative research.

SAFETY CULTURE IN HIGH COMPLEXITY SERVICES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Objective: to evaluate the patient safety culture in high complexity units of a teaching hospital in times of pandemic. Method: cross-sectional design, carried out in emergency and intensive care units in 2021. We used the self-administered instrument Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture with 103 professionals from the multi-professional team. Descriptive analyses and instrument consistency were performed. Results: the strongest areas for patient safety culture were the dimensions teamwork in the unit (79.5%) and expectations and actions of the supervisor/leadership to promote patient safety (73.6%). While the dimensions non-punitive response to error (37.9%) and internal transfers and shift change (31.8%) stood out in the weak areas. A predominance of adverse events underreporting was observed (53.5%). Conclusion: critical sectors, even during the pandemic, showed strengthened areas, although fear of punishment and problems regarding information transfers were highlighted by professionals. © 2022, Universidade Federal do Parana. All rights reserved.

Locate, Where, What, and How It is Published: A Bibliometric Analysis of Tourism Research During COVID-19

The impact of COVID-19 on tourism was massive, especially in 2020 and 2021. This incident sparked heated debates about its impact on the tourism industry and resulted in the publication of a large number of research articles instantly. Due to the needs of the hour, tourism scholars and journals have taken a proactive step to communicate scholarly research in a faster phase to mitigate the issue through scientific research. This surge of articles during the pandemic period allows us to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the nexus between the global pandemic and scholarly engagement. Employing a mixed approach using a systematic literature review of journals published on the Web of Science, this article explores a comprehensive approach of methodological applications, the timely transition of themes in different intensities worldwide, and geographical coverage of the research and themes discussed. Our analysis reveals that the pattern of themes discussed varies by time and that themes are mainly discussed around tourist psychology, crisis management, pandemic impact, tourism transformation, and the digital revolution. This study also found a rise in increased interdisciplinary research to address issues related to tourism.

Current research and future directions for realizing the ideal One-Health approach: A summary of key-informant interviews in Japan and a literature review.

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of the One Health (OH) approach, which considers the health of humans, animals, and the environment in preventing future pandemics. A wide range of sustainable interdisciplinary collaborations are required to truly fulfill the purpose of the OH approach. It is well-recognized, however, that such collaborations are challenging. In this study, we undertook key-informant interviews with a panel of stakeholders from Japan to identify their perceived needs and challenges related to OH research. This panel included scientists, government officials, journalists, and industry stakeholders. By combining a thematic analysis of these interviews and a literature review, we summarized two key themes pertinent to the effective implementation of OH research: types of required research and systems to support that research. As a technological issue, interviewees suggested the importance of research and development of methodologies that can promote the integration and collaboration of research fields that are currently fragmented. An example of such a methodology would allow researchers to obtain high-resolution metadata (e.g. ecological and wildlife data) with high throughput and then maximize the use of the obtained metadata in research, such as in environmental DNA analysis, database construction, or the use of computational algorithms to find novel viral genomes. In terms of systems surrounding OH research, some interviewees stressed the importance of creating a sustainable research system, such as one that has continuous budget support and allows researchers to pursue their academic careers and interests. These perceptions and challenges held by Japanese stakeholders may be common to others around the world. We hope this review will encourage more researchers and others to work together to create a resilient society against future pandemics.

Social Network Analysis of COVID-19 Research and the Changing International Collaboration Structure.

Research in Information Science and interdisciplinary areas suggested the formation of a growing network of international research collaboration. The massive transmission of COVID-19 worldwide especially after the identification of the Omicron variant could fundamentally alter the factors shaping the network's development. This study employs network analysis methods to analyze the structure of the COVID-19 research collaboration from 2020 to 2022, using two major academic publication databases and the VOSviewer software. A novel temporal view is added by examining the dynamic changes of the network, and a fractional counting method is adopted as methodological improvements to previous research. Analysis reveals that the COVID-19 research network structure has undergone substantial changes over time, as collaborating countries and regions form and re-form new clusters. Transformations in the network can be partly explained by key developments in the pandemic and other social-political events. China as one of the largest pivots in the network formed a relatively distinct cluster, with potential to develop a larger Asia-Pacific collaboration cluster based on its research impact.

Collaborative, Multisectoral, and Multidisciplinary Approach to Enhance FDA One Health Initiative Communication Strategies

Objectives: The One Health Approach (OHA) involves a collaborative, multisectoral, multidisciplinary framework to address public health challenges and achieve optimal health outcomes. OHA recognizes the interconnection between people, animals, plants, and their shared environment. This M-CERSI project amplifies the OHA by amplifying and synergizing different disciplines (e.g., social, and behavioral sciences, machine learning, and artificial intelligence options) with expertise from various FDA centers, offices, and academia to harness narrative COVID-19 unstructured publicly available data. Method(s): Human curation and machine learning techniques are augmented with social and behavioral science methods and input by subject matter experts, across four sequential components. First, the collection of publicly available data from various FDA input and output sources. Second, the systematic narrowing of scope of inclusion to public comments submitted to Regulations.gov in response to COVID-19 related meetings and dockets. Third, the extraction of approximately 140,000 comments using computing methods and the newly available OpenGSA Application Programming Interface (API). Fourth, preprocessing and analysis to generate insights using a machine learning technique, topic modeling, combined with human curation techniques. Result(s): Results included the determination of a structure whereby public comment groupings can be parsed into meaningful subsets. Integrative analysis via human curation and computing methods yielded insights into public opinion as well as producing machine learning models that may be applied to future datasets. These results highlight the value of building a multidisciplinary OHA framework. Conclusion(s): This multidisciplinary research collaboration supports FDA's regulatory public health mission and the OHA, effectively reducing silos and leveraging expertise across the scientific spectrum. This approach can be implemented to provide ongoing, timely and accurate information across stakeholder groups. The next phase of research will apply discovered insights to design focus group sample populations, contrast emerging themes, and develop clear messaging that is responsive to public interests and concerns. Copyright © 2022

Drawings as tools to (re)imagine space in interdisciplinary global health research.

Understanding the role of space in infectious diseases' dynamics in urban contexts is key to developing effective mitigation strategies. Urbanism, a discipline that both studies and acts upon the city, commonly uses drawings to analyze spatial patterns and their variables. This paper revisits drawings as analytical and integrative tools for interdisciplinary research. We introduce the use of drawings in two interdisciplinary projects conducted in the field of global public health: first, a study about the heterogeneous burden of tuberculosis and COVID-19 in Lima, Peru, and second, a study about urban malaria in Jimma, Ethiopia. In both cases, drawings such as maps, plans, and sections were used to analyze spatial factors present in the urban context at different scales: from the scale of the territory, the city, and the district, to the neighborhood and the household. We discuss the methodological approaches taken in both cases, considering the nature of the diseases being investigated as well as the natural and social context in which the studies took place. We contend that the use of drawings helps to reimagine space in public health research by adding a multidimensional perspective to spatial variables and contexts. The processes and products of drawing can help to (a) identify systemic relations within the spatial context, (b) facilitate integration of quantitative and qualitative data, and (c) guide the formulation of policy recommendations, informing public and urban health planning.

Toward Architecture-Driven Interdisciplinary Research Learnings from a Case Study of COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps

This paper explores the use of an architectural perspective to study complex data ecosystems and to facilitate a normative discourse on such ecosystems. It argues that an architectural perspective is helpful to bridging discursive and methodological gaps between information systems (IS) research and legal studies. Combining architectural and normative perspectives is a novel interdisciplinary research approach that provides a framework for analyzing techno-legal contexts. The merits and challenges of this approach are demonstrated and discussed in this paper using the example of COVID-19 contact tracing apps. We conceptualize our results on three levels of knowledge: the first is the actual knowledge of the exemplary contact tracing app we studied and its ecosystem;the second is knowledge of the architectural meta-model that we used, its benefits and its shortcomings;and the third is knowledge of the interdisciplinary research process of acquiring common knowledge shared by IS scholars and legal experts. © 2022 Owner/Author.